Studio711.com – Ben Martens

The LEGO Movie

I finally got around to watching The LEGO Movie. It’s… awesome! Everything is awesome! The cast reads like a list of my favorite actors: Will Arnett, Alison Brie, Charlie Day, Will Ferrell, Will Forte, Morgan Freeman, and Nick Offerman and Chris Pratt. The kid in me loved the story and the geek in me loved the awesome computer graphics.

Long time followers of my nerd adventures may remember that I’ve made a few movies of my own. I finally uploaded them to YouTube for your amusement.

Up first is a stop motion video made with cousins Tim, Mark and Ryan. It was probably during Christmas and I’d guess it was around 1987 or 88. We did it in Tim’s basement with his VHS camcorder. There was a feature that would record a few frames with the press of a button. When we had the idea, I remember talking about who was going to build each piece. Before Mark went back to his house to build everything, we typed in a bunch of reminders on his awesome Casio calculator watch. The video took forever and we had a “script” change at the end. As a Lego man was moving across the crosswalk, he fell down perfectly in the middle of one of the recording clips. We went with it (what else can you do?) and turned it into a medical emergency. It’s a riveting story. I sped up the video below so that you can get your boredom in a shorter amount of time.

I thought this project was incredibly cool so a couple years later, I decided to try it again on my own. I borrowed our neighbor’s VHS-C camcorder (so “tiny”!) and set up a table in our basement. The city I built was much simpler than the first one and the story was non-existant.

And last, but certainly not least, I fell down a rabbit hole in college. My Junior and Senior year and then part of the year after graduation were spent doing a Lego movie on the computer. This was about 2000-2002 so there were none of the fancy Lego CAD programs available. Instead, I painstakingly built up a library of Lego pieces in a program called POVRay. It was a free tool that did raytracing but the modeling was all done in text. So to build a piece, I’d start with a rectangle, add some height and draw the nubs on top. I even had versions of the pieces with the word LEGO writen on top of each nub. Something like a Lego person is a huge amount of code. I had posted it to the web a while back and found it on archive.org. This link shows you what it takes to draw a single Lego character. Before I got too deep into the project, I built a short little sample video based on the old Budweiser Wazabi commercial.

The pieces were incredibly detailed and it literally took years to build it all. I also wrote a bunch of crazy math functions to animate the camera movement through the virtual world and also to animate things like walking characters. Rememember that since it is all text based input, “walking” means manually adjusting the rotation of various geometric shapes while translating the whole object forward. It was crazy complicated, but obviously I really enjoyed it for whatever reason. It was kind of relaxing to sit down for a while every night and “build” more pieces from scratch and at a time when I had very little money, it was fun to have limitless amounts of Legos to play with.

After spending eons on the graphics, I put about 30 seconds of thought into the story and here’s the result:

It’s not too far-fetched to say that this project got me my job at Microsoft. It took about 11 minutes to render a single frame of the movie (on my P2 350Mhz computer) and there were 2538 frames. That comes out to about 20 days of non-stop computing power. But oh yeah, don’t forget that I screw up a lot so I had to redo a bunch of it. To get it all done more quickly and to enter a programming contest at Purdue, I wrote a distributed rendering program. POVRay could be controlled via the command line so you would install POVRay and my client app on your computer. A central server would hand out individual frames for all the clients to render and then the client would send back the final image. (Archive.org has a copy of the design document for this project.) It actually worked and saved me a bunch of time. Not only that, I won the programming contest which netted me an original XBox and an HP Jornada PocketPC. But better yet, the guy who ran that comptetition went on to work at Microsoft. When I was looking for a job, JimM helped me reconnect with him and I ended up working in his team for the next six years!

So yes, this Lego project was ridiculously complex and within a few months of me releasing that video, there were bigger and better Lego rendering tools available. But I do think that finding fun projects like this area great way to stretch your abilities and feed your passion. This single project helped me in a lot of interviews when I was exiting college and it taught me a lot about programming.

F150 Decal Removal

My truck came with big “FX4” stickers on the panels behind the rear tires. They signify that my truck is four wheel drive and has the offroad package. They don’t look bad, but I really like the look of a clean truck, so I set about removing them.

I had some experience with this type of thing before. When we bought the Escape, Ford of Kirkland put their stupid little star decal on the back. That really frustrated me and was actually one of the reasons I didn’t even call them when I was looking for somebody to sell me a truck. Don’t put your stupid $0.50 advertising sticker on my big purchase! Anyway, the first thing I did when I brought it home was use a hair dryer to heat up that sticker and then I carefully removed it. A little Goo Gone cleaned up the remaining residue.

So having that knowledge in hand and knowing that lots of other people have successfully removed the decals from their trucks, I gave it a shot. I used a heat gun on low temperature to just raise the temp a little and then picked at the decal with my fingernail. It peeled right off. I saw plenty of people online say that the heat gun isn’t necessary if the decal is pretty new. I put some Goo Gone over the area and there was no sign it had ever been there.

I also removed the EcoBoost badges from under the side mirrors. That was a little trickier because they had some bulk to them. I used a piece of floss in a sawing motion to loosen it up and then the badges fell off. They left behind a sticky pad which peeled off in one piece. Again, Goo Gone helped clean it up completely and voila. Done!

The other badges on the truck have holes through the body so if I can’t remove them without a lot of extra work.

Below is a photo of what the truck looks like now, and here is a link to a photo of it before in case you need a reminder.

debadgedf150Good news, my bicycle now has an EcoBoost engine in it.

ecoboostbike

Yes We Can

Two of Elijah’s favorite TV shows are Thomas the Train and Bob the Builder. As we were watching Bob the Builder one night, I had an idea for a video mashup…

Garage Changes

One side effect of buying the truck is that we now have more room in the garage. The truck doesn’t even come close to fitting in the garage (too wide, too long and maybe too tall.) I quickly took advantage of this to get more storage room and more shop room. Here’s what it used to look like when I had one bay combined for storage, toys and the shop.

oldshop1oldshop2The first step was moving the main storage shelves across to the other wall. It was pretty easy except I had to re-cut the bottoms of the posts because the floor slopes out to the garage doors and I was effectively reversing the shelves. Those shelves were one of the first projects that I did in the house. I built them using little more than a circular saw and a drill. You can get a long way with those two tools!

newshelves1That gave me about 2 or 3 more feet along the wall in the third bay. I was able to convert that area into a pure shop area. All toys and storage happen on the other side of the garage. It will take a while to figure out how I want to arrange everything, but I think I’ll have the table saw near the garage door. That will allow me to easily open up the garage door and feed in extra long boards as needed. The bandsaw fits nicely to the right of the table saw. I can overlap/combine the “dead” areas of both tools.

The next thing I’m going to build is a small cabinet for my router table and then I’m going to build a combination assembly/outfeed table. I’m thinking it will be about 4 feet square. It will be a nice place to work on projects and will also give me a nice place to slide wood onto after finishing cuts on the table saw. After that I will probably fill up the blank wall with cabinets.

It’s so exciting to have an area I can really devote to a shop instead of stepping over and around boxes and toys! Below are photos of the current state. It will look a lot nicer in the near future.

newshelves2 newshelves3

Church Shirts

I’ve been at my current church for over 10 years and for most of those 10 years I’ve heard people talk about how nice it would be to have custom shirts. The preschool and kindergarten kids could wear them on field trips, volunteers could wear them during events, and we could use them as jerseys at the softball tournament.

This year it finally happened. I ordered from a local company called Image Source. Beth came up with the idea for the design and I got it all cleaned up for the printers. It’s loosely based on our “official” church logo.

calvaryshirts

Payload

How much weight can that truck haul? How much can it tow? I had very little idea how to really answer those questions before I started researching my truck purchase. I figured there was a web page somewhere that you could look it up and figure it out. And that’s sort of correct, but that web page is huge and complicated. Plus it varies by vehicle depending on the options that you chose. So how do you figure it out?

All of the info you need is printed on the inside door frame of the driver’s door. The first sticker of interest is white with black lettering. The key numbers are:

  • GVWR (gross vehicle weight rating): No matter what you load into your truck, it should never weigh more than this.
  • GAWR (gross axle weight rating): There is one number for the front axle and one for the rear. This just means that you can’t take that full GVWR and put it all on the back of your truck. You need to have the weight distributed so that the front and rear axles carry loads they can handle.

label1

The second sticker is white with yellow, red and black. The main information there is the correct tire pressures but it also tells you “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed X.”

label2

The one important number that I can’t find anywhere on the stickers is GCWR (gross combination weight rating.) This the maximum weight of the truck and the trailer with everything loaded into it. Along with the payload rating, it helps you determine how heavy your trailer can be. All I have for that is the spec sheet published by Ford.

The images in this post are from my truck and you can see that my payload is 2564 lbs and that number is the reason why I had to wait so long to get my truck. If you don’t get the heavy duty payload package on the F150, you’re probably going to have something like 1500-1900 pounds of payload capacity.

Those numbers might sound really high but they get eaten up very quickly. For example, let’s say the driver is 200 pounds and there are 300 pounds of other humans in the vehicle. That’s 500 pounds gone from your payload. Oh and you got a spray in bedliner? That’s about another 80 pounds. Then add up all the luggage and gear that you packed for your trip and include that. If you’re towing a trailer, the tongue weight of the trailer comes out of your payload allotment too. If you take the calculate the total weight of the trailer (including all the stuff you have in it too), about 10% of that will be carried by your truck. If you want to be extra careful, load your vehicle up with all your gear, hitch up your trailer, and get it weighed.

Now obviously your vehicle isn’t going to fall apart if you exceed the payload capacity, but it’s probably a good idea to know what the stickers say and then know how far you’re exceeding it. Going 100 pounds over is almost certainly fine. Going 2000 pounds over is probably a recipe for disaster.

So in the end, my truck can handle 2500 pounds and can pull 11,400 pounds. That should be plenty for the commute back and forth to my desk at work…

Best Of YouTube

It’s time for another round of my favorite YouTube content from the past couple weeks. First up is a video from Mike Rowe explaining why you shouldn’t follow your dreams.

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Next up is a very niche video that hit me perefctly. Grizzly sells a kit for my bandsaw that increases the capacity of the saw. It’s something I’ve thought about quite a few times already and it was awesome to see how easy it is to install.

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April Wilkerson recently built a new base for her mom’s windmill. As part of the project, she also removed a bunch of the rust from the windmill. I never knew that you could use vinegar to remove rust!

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Why Do We Have Dealerships

forddealerAs I bought my truck, I was left wondering why we still have dealerships. When I got ready to talk to the dealers, I already knew excatly how much my truck would cost them. I had the order form that showed invoice pricing and I knew how much profit they still made on that invoice price. Everything is available online these days. I was even able to track my own truck through the order process. I could see when it started to get built and when it was being shipped. With a couple more phone calls, I could have even figured out exactly which rail car it was on and tracked it’s movements across the country. There are no secrets anymore.

The old model of negotiating with a sales guy is silly. You don’t need to do any of that. Just tell them how much you want to pay and see if they’ll do it. So if I’m buying a car like that, why couldn’t I just log onto ford.com and order my vehicle there? Why is it any different than buying something from Amazon?

There’s still a place in my dream world for a few dealerships. They provide factory trained mechanics and maybe they could take deliver of the vehicle and prep it for your for a small fee. And maybe they let you pay a fee to test drive vehicles. But there’s no value to me in having them actually dictate the price and sell me the vehicle.

Tesla is trying a direct sales model, and, while I think it’s fantastic, the entrenched dealerships do not. They have wisely protected themselves with laws and Tesla is fighting an uphill battle to even be allowed to sell directly to customers. It’s painful and hard whenever a business model changes, but these dealership are becoming relics of history.

Android

android_logoI’ve used phones with Microsoft operating systems for a long time. Tyla and I have used the Nokia Lumia Icons and HTC 8x phones. Tyla and I have used the HTC Touch, HTC Touch Pro 2, HTC Ozone and Motorola Q. The Q was my favorite of the bunch. I could type 30-40 words per minute on that tiny little keyboard. Before the phones, I had other PocketPC devices like the Jornada. I’ve developed apps for all of them and I have a bunch of apps currently in the Windows Phone store. To say I’m a fanboy is an understatement. Windows Phone is a fantastic operating system.

But.

We’re switching to Android. Our two year contracts are up this fall and we’re making the switch. It’s going to be painful and we’re going to have to relearn a lot of stuff about how to use our phones, but I think it’s worth it. It really feels like Microsoft is giving up on the high end Windows Phones. The Nokia Icon was a year or so old by the time we bought it and it’s still one of the best Windows Phone devices available. It seems like people are completely abandoning the high end Windows Phone market. It’s doing pretty well in third world countries. That’s great, but I want a high end phone.

And while it’s true that the top apps generally exist on Windows Phone too, sometimes they are unsupported third party versions of the apps or they come years after the other phones get the same app.

I hate that this happened, but I can’t ignore it any more. It’s time to pick a camp and Android is it. Why Android and not iOS? I don’t like Apple’s walled-garden mentality. I know it works great for a lot of users but I’m not one of them. Plus, Android is the market leader and for once it would be nice to be on the dominant platform.

So if you have a favorite Android phone, let me know. I feel like phone tech has slowed way down in the last year or two so I’m happy to save a little money and get last year’s model. I want a great camera, a ~5 inch screen, Android Pay, and a thumbprint reader would be a nice bonus. What do you suggest?

Gun Violence Statistics

There’s a lot of gun violence in the news. I’m not going to get into the politics of it, but it did make me take a look at how bad things really are. Here’s the hypothesis that we’ll test: Gun violence is worse than it’s ever been before.

First, a couple caveats. As a data scientist, I know first hand that data can be beaten into submission to “prove” any hypothesis you want. It takes extra work to really let the data speak for itself and possibly disprove your hunches. And on a related note, it’s difficult to find good data sources. Articles are not reliable because they’re generally very doctored to get their intended point across. The bigger, more reliable studies that publish raw data don’t publish data every year.

The most reliable numbers I could find were from the CDC’s National Vital Statistics Reports published in February 2016. Unfortunately the data in that report is from 2013, but it’s the most recent and trustworthy that I could find. That report states that in 2013, 11,208 of those were firearm homicides. That comes out to 3.5 people out of 100,000 or 0.0035% of the population. Other causes of death in the same range are aortic aneurysms, emphysema, multiple myeloma, stomach cancer and intestinal infections. Homicides by firearms accounted for 0.4% of the all deaths in 2013. By the way, do you want to know what the top three causes of death were?

  1. Heart disease: 23.5%
  2. Cancer: 22.5%
  3. Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 5.7%

My go-to comparison is always vehicle deaths. You’re 3.15 times more likely to die in a car accident than by a gun homicide. Do you worry 3.15 times more about the car accident than the gun homicide?

Those are all numbers from a single year. The original hypothesis was that we’re worse off than we were before so let’s look at some trend data. I spent a bunch of time doing searces in the http://wonder.cdc.gov system. It has data for 1999-2104. Here’s the summary I built for that data:

deathsbyyearregion

I had no idea that 45% of gun homicides were in the south! But back to the main point: those numbers don’t show much change. But hold on. They are slightly misleading because they are raw counts. The population grew significantly over that time range. We should be looking at the number of deaths per 100,000 people. That average has decreased:

gunhomicidesper100k

We’re not finding much data to support our hypothesis, but what about pre-1999? I couldn’t find data in that CDC system pre-1999, but I did find this chart showing that we had a peak in the 90s that was much worse than today. This data comes from the Bureau of Justice Statistics via Wikipedia. Note that these numbers are a bit lower than the CDC numbers for the overlapping years. The CDC has their gun homicide deaths broken down into a number of categories (rifles, shotguns, pistols, terrorism, etc) and I’m guessing the Bureau of Justice Statistics has a slightly different categorization. However, I think it’s still valuable to look at the data:

Ushomicidesbyweapon

I lived through that huge spike of gun homicides and had no idea that it existed.

I learned that you have to be really careful when comparing numbers because “gun deaths” can mean a lot of things. Some sites will include suicide by guns in their numbers. Suicide with guns are roughly twice as common as homicides with guns so they really change the numbers. Other articles will do their ratios and percentages based on people under 25. A large majority of the gun violence happens to and by people under 25. Some sites even include war related deaths in their gun numbers. And as you saw above, even reporting the raw totals can be used to trick people if you’re intentionally leaving out the fact that the population changed over that time range.

Do we have a problem? Yep. Would it be a horrifying event to witness? Yep. Should we analyze the data and run experiments to see how we could improve the problem? Yep. Is it worse than used to be? Nope.

P.S. Will any of this data stop people from yelling at other on TV? Nope.